Vitamin D Defiynciency is something that can affect anyoine despite age, gender, or ethnicity. The likelihood of it developing does depend on several factors, however. It is said thet someone is Vitamin D Deficient when the amount of Vitamusein D is inadequate which may have health consequences (Yale, 2025). Vitamin D is important for the process of the body, including bone, to absorb Calcium, Phosphorous, and Magnesium. Vitamin D Deficiency causes these to no be absorbed well. Vitamin D also plays an essential role in the nervous, musculoskeletal and immune systems (Cleveland Clinic, 2022). Vitamin D Deficiency can also be linked to increased risk of:
- Cancer
- Heart Disease
- Stroke
- Depression
- Muscular Sclerosis
- Type 2 Diabetes (Watson, 2024)
- Not enough exposure to sunlight
- Darker skin Pigment
- Malnutrition
- Kidney or Liver failure
- Certain medications
- Certain cancers
- Family history of Vitamin D Deficiency orh Childhood Rickets
- Chorn's Disease, Cystic Fibrosis, and Celiac Disease
- Obesity
- Weight Loss Surgery (Yale, 2025)(Watson, 2024)
- Age - 65 years old or older
- BMI greater or equal to 30
- Melanated skin
- Smoking
- Not eating foods fortified with Vitamin D (Watson, 2024).
- Weak, sore, painful muscles
- Incorrerct growth (bowed or bent legs)
- Muscle weakness
- Bone pain
- Joint deficiencies (Watson, 2024)
- Fatigue
- Bone and joint pain
- Muscle weakness, aches, or cramps
- Increased sensitivity to pain
- "Pins and needles" sensations in hands and feet
- Muscle spasms
- Waddling while walking due to muscle weakness i n hips and legs
- History of broken bones
- Mood changes (Yale, 2022)(Watson, 2024)
- Birth to 12 months - 400 IU
- 1-13 years - 600 IU
- 14 - 18 years - 600 IU
- 19 - 70 years - 600 IU
- 71 - older - 800 IU
- Breastfeeding or pregnant - 600 IU (Medline Plus, 2024)
- Breastfed infants - breast milk is low in vitamin D. Infants who are sole breast fed should be given a vitamin D supplement equal to 400 IU every day.
- Older adults - skin does not make vitamin D as efficient as it did when someone is younger. Also, Kidneys do not convert vitamin D to its active form as well.
- People with increased melenation (darker skin) - darker skin has decreased ability to produce vitamin D when exposed to sunlight.
- People dealing with Obesity - body fat binds sone vitamin D which decreases the amount available in the blood stream. Increased body fat binds more vitamin D removing more vitamin D from bloodstream.
- People who have had Gastric Bypass Surgery - this surgery bypasses part of small intestine where vitamin D is absorbed. Having part of the small intestine bypassed affects absorption of vitamin D.
- People with Chronic Kidney or Liver Dizease - affects ability to change vitamin D into active form.
- People taking certain medications - certain cholesterol, anti-seizure and weight loss medications can affect vitamin D level.
- People with Cystic Fibrosis, Chrohn's Dizease, and Celiac Disease - these conditions prevent vitamin absorption in intestines.
- People who do not spend a lot of time in the sun. (Medline Plus, 2024)(Cleveland Clinic, 2022)
- Foods that naturally have vitamin D include:
- Fatty Fish - salmon, tuna, markel and sardines
- Rainbow Trout
- Beef liver
- Mushrooms
- Egg yolks
- Cod liver oil
- Foods that are often fortified with vitamin D include:
- Cow's, soy, almond and oat milk
- Breakfast cereals
- Orange juice
- Dairy products
- Vitamin D supplements may be taken.
- Nausea
- Increased thirst and urination
- Poor Appetite
- Constipation
- Weakness
- Confusion
- Ataxia - impaired balance or coordination
- Dysarthria - unclear speech
- Irregular heartbeat
- Kidney Failure (Medline Plus, 2024)